Psychiatric disorders has a powerful association with suicide. Ninety percent of individuals whom demise by suicide have one or more concomitant psychiatric disorders. Suicide risk is highest among patients with bipolar disorder (odds ratio=7.77) and unipolar affective disorder (odds ratio=6.67), followed by schizophrenia (odds ratio=6.55) and anxiety disorders (odds ratio=3.57–6.64) . The risk of suicide increases further when psychiatric disorders are comorbid with substance use disorders," APA (American Psychiatric Association) states.
"Clinical research shows that men with comorbid depression and alcohol use have the highest long-term suicide risk (16.2%), the prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts. Patients with alcohol use disorder and bipolar disorder reported to be between 21% and 42%. Similarly, comorbid substance use disorder and bipolar disorder have determine earlier-onset mood-swing symptoms, higher rates of anxiety disorders, suicide attempts, and more frequent hospitalizations than patients with bipolar disorder alone," Michael Esang.
Saeed Ahmed in June 2018; A Closer Look at Substance Use & Suicide reports, "Researchers show suicidal hazard ratio is 1.35 for cocaine use, 2.10 for psychostimulant use, 3.83 for benzodiazepine use, 3.89 for cannabis use, and 11.36 for sedative use. Additionally, substance abuse such as; marijuana use, cocaine use, alcohol use, and cigarette smoking were all found to be independently related to suicide, even after controls for sociodemographic factors. Currently, a single rating scale or clinical algorithm can't accurately predict the risk of suicide, because suicidal behavior emanates from a convergence of multiple predisposing and concurrent risk factors. Even if all the scales were combined into a single risk assessment form, other clinical risk factors would be omitted." (Cont'd on Page 2)
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